从人类生态史看生态文明的选择

On the Selection of Ecological Civilization from the Perspective of the History of Human Ecology

整个一部人类历史实质上也是一部人类生态史,人与自然的和谐决定着人类文明的演进。原始文明没有处理好人地矛盾,最终被农业文明所替代。农业文明虽然生产效率大大提高,但最终也是由于人地矛盾所累,被工业文明所替代。工业文明创造了无与伦比的财富,但是也造成诸多环境问题,威胁着人类的生存与发展。本文通过缕析人类生态史的进程,依据人类社会生存方式的规律,提出生态文明的选择是当今人类大势所趋。

The whole history of human beings in nature is also an ecological history. The harmony between human and nature leads to the evolution of human civilization. Not dealing with the conflict between human and land appropriately, the primitive civilization was at last superseded by the agrarian civilization. Although having greatly improved productivity, the agrarian civilization was also replaced by the industrial civilization because of the conflict between human and land likewise. Though industrial civilization has created unparalleled wealth, it has also caused many environmental problems that threaten the survival and development of humankind. Based on the survival law in human society, this paper analyzes the process of human ecological history and puts forward that the overwhelming trend today for human beings is to select the mode of ecological civilization.