怎样进行学术研究

On How to Carry Out Academic Research

学术问题研究要有问题意识、浓厚的兴趣和创新精神,真正从追求真理出发。要读书,更要重视心灵体验和大千世界的启示,还要与个体的特长结合起来。选题类型主要有专书研究、专家研究和专题研究,要考虑到选题的理论意义和现实意义。方法对解决问题非常重要,要反省、思考,才能有自己的方法。要做到古今溯源知脉络,中西比较见特色,不能为引起重视而肆意夸大研究对象的价值和重要性,而应该客观、公允。要重视逻辑推理能力的训练,一般不能先写提纲,再找材料。应该在反复读书、形成许多零星思想的基础上,再列出提纲。宏观研究与微观研究都是学术研究中必不可少的,学者必须培养自身的逻辑推理能力,紧扣中心,从材料入手,进行实证研究,必须锻炼自身的思维能力,提高自身的学术修养,才能取得有价值、有意义的学术成就。

Doing academic research, one should have problem consciousness, strong interest and innovative mind, starting from a genuine quest for truth. Attention should be paid to the perusal of documents; however, more emphasis should be laid upon the vicarious experience from books and the apocalypse from the boundless universe, which should be combined with individual aptitude and specialty. The main types of topic selection include studies focusing on a particular book, studies focusing a particular expert and studies focusing on a particular theme. One should bear in mind both the theoretical and practical significance of a selected topic. A certain methodology is crucial to solving problems and in order to get it, one need to have deep reflections, ponderation and reasoning. One should be fully aware of the historical development of studies related to his chosen topic and comparisons should be made between the East and the West in order to protrude the unique features of his own studies. There should be no intentional exaggeration or magnification of the value and significance of his scope of research in order to secure others＇ attention, thus objectivity and fairness is required. One should also highlight the training of one＇s logical reasoning ability. Generally. the accumulation of materials can not be preceded by the writing ot an outline. The formation ot an outline should be based on persistent reading and sporadic thoughts that strike on one＇s mind. Microscopic and macroscopic researches are indispensable components in academic research. In order to accomplish valuable and meaningful academic achievements, one ought to cultivate one＇s logical reasoning ability, carry out demonstrative research, forging one s own ideation, and elevating one s own academic attainments.