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华法林抗凝疗效监测的相关问题分析 被引量:8

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摘要 目的探讨临床华法林抗凝治疗的监测方法和注意事项。方法将116例接受华法林抗凝治疗的心房颤动患者和深静脉血栓患者随机分为两组,A组(70例)华法林起始剂量为2.5mg,B组(46例)起始剂量为3.75mg。抗凝治疗第1周每2天监测一次PT和INR,第4次开始每3天监测1次,直到INR稳定达标,目标值为2.0~3.0。结果①以2.5mg为维持剂量者33例(33/96,34.38%),以3.75mg为维持量者16例(16/96,16.66%),维持量居二者之间者42例(42/96,43.75%),以>3.75mg和2.5mg以下为维持量者各5例(5/96,5.21%)。②A组中,无1例患者在第3次复查时即达到目标INR。B组中,无1例患者在第2次复查即达到目标INR,有9例患者6d后达标,而这9例患者在随后监测中全部因INR超标而华法林减量。③A组INR稳定并达标平均所需时间为(13.56±4.5)d,B组为(17.63±6.6)d(P<0.05)。④86例心房颤动患者中,28例患者或家属曾表示退出华法林治疗而接受阿司匹林治疗或拒绝抽血化验,经解释交流后坚持原方案。结论①以2.5mg为起始剂量比较安全,在基础INR<1.2时,前6d内无需频繁监测INR,过于频繁监测可导致依从性下降并增加医疗费用和出血潜在风险。②1周内INR上升趋势明显者,虽在治疗靶目标,也要减量。③国人华法林合适剂量大部分在2.5~3.75mg,在此范围之外应注意有无其他因素干预可能。
作者 赵春玉 雷霆
出处 《中国医药指南》 2010年第7期106-107,共2页 Guide of China Medicine
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