30个粳稻品种SSR标记遗传多样性分析

Analysis on Genetic Diversity of 30 Japonica Rice Varieties Using SSR Markers

选用分布于水稻12条染色体上的64对SSR引物,对江苏省育成以及日本引进的粳稻品种共30份材料进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,有50对SSR引物在30个品种间表现为多态性。共检测到140个等位基因,每对引物的等位基因数变幅为2～5个,平均为2.8个。有效等位基因为94.336个,平均为1.887。每个SSR位点的多态性信息量(PIC)变化范围为0.064～0.752,平均为0.410。30个品种间的遗传相似系数变幅为0.386～0.956之间,平均值为0.719,且81.4%的供试品种其遗传相似系数在0.600～0.800之间,亲缘关系较近;以遗传相似系数为原始数据,按UPGMA方法将30个品种划分为3大类群,结合系谱分析结果表明,江苏省育成的水稻品种遗传多样性不够丰富,多数品种间的亲缘关系较近,欲进一步提高江苏省水稻产量还需拓宽亲本选择范围,扩大遗传背景。

Genetic diversity of 30 japonica rice varieties,which were bred by Jiangsu Province or introduced from Japan,was analyzed by 64 SSR primers covered on 12 rice chromosomes. The results indicated that a total of 50 SSR primers performed polymorphism and 140 alleles loci were detected. The average number of alleles per SSR locus was 2.8 with a range from 2 to 5. The effective alleles were 94. 336 with average 1. 887. The value of allelic polymorphism information content（PIC） ranged from 0. 064 to 0. 752,on an average of 0.410 per SSR marker. The genetic similarity of paired varieties ranged from 0. 386 to 0. 956,with average 0. 719 ,and the genetic similarity of 81.4% tested materials ranged from 0. 600 to 0. 800. The results of UPGMA indicated that the 30 rice varieties could be clustered into three groups. Based on the pedigree analysis,it was concluded that the rice varieties in Jiangsu Province had closer genetic relationship with each other and the genetic diversity was not enough at present. It is necessary to explore the genetic resources and enlarge the genetic background in order to increase the yield in current rice breeding.