从化市学龄前儿童乙型肝炎疫苗免疫效果分析

Immune Effect Analysis of Preschoolers Hepatitis B Vaccine in Conghua City

目的对从化市学龄前儿童乙型肝炎疫苗免疫效果进行回顾性分析,为从化市制定乙型肝炎免疫策略提供参考数据。方法通过对从化市2002至2007年学龄前儿童进行乙型肝炎感染的血清学检测,分析从化市学龄前儿童乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)携带率,结合对从化市学龄前儿童乙型肝炎疫苗接种率等资料进行对比分析,并将当年该市农村学龄前幼儿HBsAg携带率进行比较,用以对从化市学龄前儿童乙型肝炎疫苗免疫效果进行回顾性评价。结果随着乙型肝炎疫苗免疫接种率的逐年上升,从化市学龄前儿童乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原携带率则逐年下降,学龄前儿童HBsAg携带率由2002年的11.9%下降到2007年的5.5%(P<0.05)。乙型肝炎保护性抗体(抗-HBs)则逐年上升,由2002年的78.1%升高到2007年的92.1%(P>0.05)。同一时期内,城区学龄前儿童HBsAg携带率较农村儿童HBsAg携带率明显为低(P<0.05)。结论对学龄前儿童进行有组织有计划的乙型肝炎疫苗免疫接种,能够有效地降低学龄前儿童乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)携带率;城区儿童乙型肝炎疫苗免疫接种率及接种效果均高于农村儿童。加强对乙型肝炎易感人群的有计划的免疫,是降低乙型肝炎感染的有效途径。

Objective Conducting retrospectively analysis of preschoolers hepatitis B vaccine immune effect for the city, providing reference data for hepatitis b immunization strategy making of Conghua City. Method Through hepatitis B infection serological test and analysis of preschoolers hepatitis B virus surface antigen （HBsAg） carrying rate of preschooler in Conghua during 2002-2007, meanwhile compare the hepatitis B vaccination of the preschoolers and rural preschooler childrent s HBsAg carrying rate in Conghua, that is for the retrospective evaluation of preschoolers hepatitis b vaccine effect in Conghua. Result With the hepatitis B vaccination rate increased, Conghua City preschool children hepatitis B virus surface antigen carried rate has declined very year, preschoolers HBsAg carrying rate has dropped from 11.9% in 2002 to 5.5% in 2007 （P〈0.05）. Hepatitis B protective antibody （against） is increasing from 78.1% to 92.1% 2007 （P〉0.05）. In the same period, the urban preschoolers HBsAg carrying rate is obviously lower than rural children HBsAg carrying rate （P〈0.05）. Conclusion A group of preschool children＇s plan of the hepatitis B vaccine immunization can effectively be reduced. Urban preschoolers hepatitis B virus surface antigen （HBsAg） carrying rate and hepatitis B vaccine are higher than that of rural children. From all above, strengthening immune for the populations who are at-risk hepatitis b with a plan is a effective way to reduce hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection.