北京市大兴区半壁店农村居民社区卫生调查

Community health survey among rural residents in Banbidian of Daxing district,Beijing

目的通过对北京市大兴区半壁店居民中各种慢性非传染性疾病患病情况的了解及医疗现状的分析,为进一步制定和完善适合农村的卫生政策和措施,合理进行卫生资源配置提供科学依据。方法采用单纯性随机抽样方法,抽取北京市大兴区半壁店18周岁以上常住居民3164人,通过体格检查、实验室检查和问卷调查获得的相关研究指标数据;通过新型农村合作医疗报销处获得半壁店地区2008年农村居民医疗支出等数据;通过半壁店卫生院防保科获得2008年半壁店地区居民的死亡率、预期寿命等资料。结果人群中高血压、冠心病、脑卒中、糖尿病、肥胖等病的患病率分别为26.0%、8.4%、3.3%、11.79%和26.83%,两周总就诊率为16‰,2008年半壁店地区粗死亡率为8.2‰,死因顺位前3位是脑血栓、各种癌症和心肌梗死,预期寿命为69.5岁,人均医疗支出为225.80元。结论半壁店居民预期寿命低于北京市人均寿命(80.09)岁,慢性病患病率较高,应针对危险因素制定干预措施,遏制慢病的流行。北京农村居民的卫生服务需求仍处于较高水平,应建立健全新型农村合作医疗,以满足居民的医疗需求。

Objective To investigate prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases （NCDs） and current status of health-care provision among rural residents in Banbidian of Daxing district, Beijing, in order to provide scientific evidence for developing health policy and strategies and reasonable disposition of health resource in rural areas. Methods In total, 3 164 permanent residents aged 18 years and older were selected in the survey by simple random sampling. Physical examinations and questionnaire interview were performed for all of them to collect relevant information. Data of medical cost, mortality, life expectancy （LE）, and others in rural residents during 2008 were got from the records for reimbursement of new rural cooperative medical scheme （NCMS）, disease prevention section of Banbidian community health-care center. Results Prevalence of essential hypertension, coronary heart disease （CHD）, stroke, diabetes and obesity in the residents were 26.0 percent, 8.4 percent, 3.3 percent, 11.79 percent and 26. 83 percent, respectively. Attendance rate in recent two-week was 16 per thousand with crude death rate of 8.2 per thousand of the residents in Banbidian during 2008. Their top three causes of death were cerebral thrombosis, cancer and myocardial infarction （MI） with a LE of 69. 5 years at birth and per capita medical expenditure of 225.80 yuan RMB. Conclusion LE at birth in residents of Banbidian was lower than that in those of Beijing （80. 1 years） in average and prevalence of NCDs was higher in rural residents. It is suggested that in order to decrease prevalence of NCDs, development of intervention for risk factors is urgently needed. Demands for health-care service in rural residents of Beijing are still at relatively high level, so developing and perfecting NCMS is also urgently needed.