颐和园古西府海棠的组织培养与快速繁殖

Tissue Culture and Mass Propagation of Ancient Tree Malus micromalus from the Summer Palace in Beijing

以北京颐和园古西府海棠嫩枝为外植体进行组织培养研究,结果表明:取西府海棠当年新生嫩茎条切段为外植体进行组织培养,其中最适不定芽启动培养基为1/2MS+IBA0.3 mg/L+NAA0.05 mg/L;将无菌苗接种到分化培养基MS+6-BA1.5 mg/L+NAA0.4 mg/L上,组培苗生长健壮且分化率高,增殖系数可达4.16;不定根最适诱导培养基为1/2MS+IBA0.6 mg/L和1/2MS+NAA1.0 mg/L,生根率分别达100%、98%。炼苗基质为蛭石∶珍珠岩体积比=1∶1。试管苗移栽成活率达92%。

In vitro propagation of the ancient tree Maluz micromalus from the Summer Palace in Beijing was established. Taking the new-sprouted stem cutting segment of M. micrornalus as explants in the tissue culture system, the optimal medium for adventitious buds initiating was 1/2MS medium containing indole-3-butyric acid （IBA） 0.3 mg/L and a-naphthalene acetic acid （NAA）0. 05 mg/L. To get a high propagation ratio, the seedlings were transferred to the medium of MS medium containing 6-benzyladenine （6-BA） 1.5 mg/L and NAA 0. 4 mg/L, and the propagation ratio reached 4.16 after culturing for two weeks. The optimal media for adventitious root inducing were 1/2MS medium containing IBA 0.6 mg/L and 1/2MS medium supplemented with NAA 1.0 mg/L, and the rooting rates were 100% and 98% respectively. The plantlets were transferred to pots with vermiculite -perlite mixture （ 1 ： 1 ） and acclimated for two weeks. The rooted and acclimated plantlets were replanted outdoors and the final survival rate was 92%.