实生起源的仁用薄壳山核桃优株初步筛选

Superior Tree Selection for Nut Utilization Based on 55～60 Years Old Introduced Population of Carya illinoinensis

通过对55～60年树龄的249株薄壳山核桃实生后代的果实性状调查，包括单果质量、果径、果形指数、果壳厚度、出仁率、种仁含油率和果实含油率等指标，根据果实质量、出仁率、综合性状指数和突出单项指标等4方面进行统计与分析，筛选出了20株大果型优株、21株高出仁率优株、20株综合性状好的优株和10株单项指标突出优株，除去重复共计选出49株实生优株。通过对筛选出的49株果实性状的进一步比较，结合生产实际和市场需求，确定株号为Ⅱ-E-26、Ⅱ-E-32、Ⅳ-E-17、V—W-5、Ⅶ-22和Ⅶ-1等6株作为薄壳山核桃首批优良品种的选育对象，进行扩繁，开展相应的生产性试验。

Nut weight, diameter, shape index, shell thickness, kernel rate, kernel total oil content and nut total oil content of 249 Carya illinoinensis single trees at ages of 55 - 60 years were investigated in this paper. Through systematic analysis of the nut weight, kernel rate, comprehensive index and outstanding single index, 20, 21,20 and 10 trees were selected, respectively. Total 49 single trees were selected while the repeated ones were excluded. In combination with production practice and market demand, Ⅱ-E-26、Ⅱ-E-32、Ⅳ-E-17、V-W-5、Ⅶ-22 and Ⅶ-1 were considered as the breeding objects of fine cuhivars for further expanding propagation and production experiment.