纳米材料在污染土壤修复及污水净化中应用前景探讨

A review on the development and application of nano-scale amendment in remediating polluted soils and waters

近年来,寻求环境友好型的污染土壤与污水净化高效修复剂成为国内外环境科学研究新的热点。随着环境分子科学的快速发展,纳米材料在污染环境修复研究中的应用越来越受到重视,纳米颗粒由于具有巨大的比表面积和微界面特征,可以强化多种界面反应,如对重金属离子及有机污染物的表面吸附、专性吸附及增强的氧化-还原反应等,在重金属及有机污染物等污染土壤及污水治理中有望发挥重要作用。本文综述了目前国内外利用纳米材料进行污染土壤修复及污水净化的应用研究进展,并展望了该研究领域的不足及研究前景,以期为该研究领域的进一步深入拓展新的思路。

Development of high-efficient and environment-friendly amendments and their potential application in remediating polluted soils and waters have received a considerable attention in the last decade. With the fast development of environmental molecular material science and engineering, the application of nano-scale materials in remediating polluted soils and waters has gained even more attention in recent times. The unique characteristics of enhanced huge planar surfaces of nano-particles are expected to enable and increase interface reactions. Such reactions include surface and specific adsorption of heavy metallic ions and organic pollutants by asorbents, strengthened oxidation-reduction reactions on planar surfaces, etc. It is predicted that nano-scale amendments will in-creasingly be important in remediating polluted soils and waters. This review therefore highlights current research on application of nano-scale amendments on remediation of polluted soils and waters. Various perspectives of nano-particles with regard to environ-mental cleaning and potential environmental and health impacts associated with the nano-particle application are also presented. The work thus provides vital information for the future development of this field of science.