从传统中国“鬼”到西方现代“魔”——论鲁迅“个人—人道”思想的发展

From the traditional Chinese ghost to the modern western monster——Lu Xun and his conception of individual-humanity

幼年时期的鲁迅在绍兴古越文化的熏陶下形成了对中国民间"无常"、"女吊"鬼的偏爱,日后东渡扶桑又对西方精神界的恶魔派诗人、哲人产生了强烈的精神认同,这一先后承续有着深刻的内在联系:从中国"鬼"到西方"魔","无常—女吊"与"尼采—托尔斯泰"在精神气质上的结合发展了鲁迅思想中"个人—人道"的张力场,彰显了他在文化思想接受上一脉相承的叛逆性气质——传统性与现代性、民族性与世界性在这一基础上实现了跨越性的契合。

Lu Xun develops, since his childhood, a special feeling for the Chinese folk unusual （Wuchang） and female hanger （Niidiao） ghosts. Afterwards, when he studies in Japan, Lu Xun reveals consensus for the Western monsterous poets or philosophers in spiritual world. An inherent connection ists between Chinese ghosts and Western devils. The Chinese ghosts, western monsters, unusual （Wuchang） and female hanger （Niidiao）, Tolstoyism-Nietzschean are all alike in his formation of individualism-humanism rebellion towards traditional culture.