相转移催化剂苄基三乙基氯化铵合成2,4-二硝基苯甲醚的研究

Study on the Synthesis of 2,4-Dinitroanisole with TEBA as Phase Transfer Catalyst

采用苄基三乙基氯化铵(TEBA)作为相转移催化剂(PTC)合成了2,4-二硝基苯甲醚,讨论了催化剂与2,4-二硝基氯苯质量比、反应温度和氢氧化钠投放速度对反应效果的影响,验证了TEBA对合成反应的催化作用,比较了不使用催化剂的情况。实验结果表明,TEBA能大大加快合成反应的进行,其合成的适宜条件为:温度56℃,催化剂与2,4-二硝基氯苯质量比为1∶100,氢氧化钠溶液投放时间为30 min。此外,采用红外光谱、高效液相色谱等方法表征了2,4-二硝基苯甲醚的结构和组成。

2,4-Dinitroanisole was synthesized with TEBA as phase transfer catalyst（PTC）.The effects of the weight ratio of catalyst to 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene,reaction temperature and the rate of adding sodium hydroxide were studied.The catalyticr of TEBA was verified comparing with the result in the absence of the catalyst.After adding TEBA the reaction rate was increased significantly.The suitable synthesis conditions were as follows： reaction temperature of 56 ℃,the weight ratio of catalyst to 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene=1∶100 and the time of adding sodium hydroxide of 30 min.Besides,the structure and composition of the product were characterized by FT IR and HPLC analysis methods.