动物脂肪沉积的代谢程序化及leptin的作用

Developmental Programming of Fat Deposition:The Role of Leptin

肥胖症的发病率正以惊人的速度在全球蔓延,警示着如2型糖尿病和代谢综合征等一类营养相关疾病的增加。一系列流行病学、临床学试验研究表明,胎儿和新生儿的营养环境与成年人体脂肪组织数量和分布间存在相关性。动物研究表明,机体在生命早期的营养供应和内分泌模式与成年后罹患肥胖和高血压的风险增加有关。此外,人们还日益认识到生命早期营养环境对机体神经内分泌系统发育所造成的影响是这些疾病发生的可能原因。论文阐述了动物出生前营养状况对能量平衡调节相关的内分泌和神经内分泌系统的潜在影响,强调了脂源性激素leptin的作用,重点论述了生命早期"脂-脑"轴形成过程中导致动物脂肪沉积的程序化发生的引发机制。

The incidence of obesity is increasing at an alarming rate and this worldwide epidemic represents an ominous predictor of increases in diseases such as type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome.There are associations between the fetal and neonatal nutritional environment and the amount and distribution of adipose tissue in adult life based on a series of epidemiological,clinical and experimental studies.Animal studies suggest that maternal nutrient and modified endocrine status alterations targeted over the terms of defined windows of embryo development can program of neonatal fat metabolism and deposition,which is associated with increased risks for obesity,hypertension,and type 2 diabetes in the offspring.Furthermore,there is also growing appreciation that developmental programming of neuroendocrine systems by the perinatal environment represents a possible cause for these diseases.This review considered the evidence for these relationships and discussed the potential impact of the prenatal nutritional experience on the development of the endocrine and neuroendocrine systems that regulate energy balance,with a particular emphasis on the role of the adipocyte-derived hormone,leptin.It is important in determining those initiating mechanisms within the ＇fat-brain＇ axis in early life that precede the development programming of fat deposition.