液化天然气冷藏车冷量回收理论与稳态实验研究

Theoretical and Steady Experimental Investigation of the Cold Energy Recovering of a LNG-Fueled Refrigerated Truck

根据我国冷藏运输行业发展现状和趋势以及液化天然气(LNG)汽车的普及与推广,分析了回收LNG冷量用于冷藏车的优越性和可行性,并对其冷量进行了匹配计算,提出了清洁、环保、节能的直冷式LNG低温冷藏车流程方案.由于LNG的危险性,以液氮为替代工质,开展了直冷式低温冷藏车冷量回收稳态实验研究.结果表明:系统稳态运行效果理想,LNG气化复温所提供的冷量充足;冷藏厢内温度能顺利降低到-20℃,厢内各测点温差在4℃以内,降温速度和温度场的均匀性都符合相关规范技术要求;系统方案切实可行,节能效果明显,具有显著的经济和社会效益.

According to the current development of refrigerated transport industry of China and wide promotion of liquefied natural gas（LNG） vehicles,the advantages and feasibility to recover LNG cold energy for refrigerated truck were analyzed,and cooling capacity demand was theoretically calculated.A process of a direct-cooled refrigerated truck recovering LNG cold energy was proposed.A steady state experiment on a direct-cooled cold energy recovery of a refrigerated truck was conducted,in which liquid nitrogen was used instead of LNG.The experimental results show that the system could operate well and cold energy recovered during the LNG gasification process could match the demand of cold storage.The temperature could drop to-20 ℃ in the carriage,and the temperature difference between the measuring points was all below 4 ℃.In addition,the temperature drop rate and uniformity of the temperature field in the carriage could meet the relevant technical standard.