南京国民政府时期国营煤矿事业经营的典型——以建设委员会与淮南煤矿为例的考察

A model of state-run coal mines in the period of Nanjing National Government——focuses on the National Construction Commission and the Anhui Huainan Coal Mines

南京国民政府时期国营事业的经营均不甚理想,然而20世纪30年代,在安徽北部怀远、凤台与寿县三县交界处,南京国民政府建设委员会自主开发经营的淮南煤矿,经营管理却颇为良好,它在一定程度上是建设委员会经营首都电厂与戚墅堰电厂所需燃料和京沪杭一带出现能源供应紧张的必然结果。建设委员会通过对淮南煤矿6年的精心经营,使其成为抗战前华东地区最大的煤矿。淮南煤矿的开发与经营,使20世纪30年代京沪杭一带能源供应紧张的形势得到了一定程度的缓和,尤其重要和明显的是,它使安徽中北部的经济得到了迅速发展,从而直接促成了皖北一个新的工业城市——淮南的形成。

The National Construction Commission developed The Huainan Coal Mines itself in the northern part of Anhui province in 1930s. It is result of energy sources crash. After six years development, The Huainan Coal Mines became the biggest mines in the East - China before the Against Japanese War. The Huainan Coal Mines＇ development relaxed the energy sources crash, especially it made economy of the northern of Anhui province prosper and promoted to appear the Huainan city.