复杂泄漏方式下的海上溢油行为归宿数值模拟及应用

Marine oil spill transport and fate numerical modeling for complex leaking modes

为对海洋溢油风险及其生态环境损害影响进行评估,及时制订溢油事故应急反应决策,基于油粒子追踪法建立多源泄漏、移动泄漏等复杂泄漏方式下海上溢油行为归宿的数值模拟方法,包括海面溢油在风和海流作用下的迁移、扩散、蒸发、溶解、乳化、分散等行为动态和风化过程,并以接连发生在大连新港附近的两起船舶溢油事故作为多源泄漏的典型案例进行应用研究.结果表明,海面油膜时空分布模拟结果与调查监测数据符合较好,油污影响范围与观测报道结果基本吻合.

To evaluate the risks of marine oil spill and its damage to ecological environment,and thereby work out corresponding countermeasures,a marine oil spill transport and fate numerical modeling method under complex modes of leakage such as multi-source leakage and moving leakage was developed based on the particle tracking theory,and the transport and weathering processes of marine oil spill including transport,diffusion,evaporation,dissolution,emulsification,dispersion under wind and ocean current actions were simulated.Two oil spill accidents happened in Dalian Bay in succession were selected as cases study,and results show that the simulated temporal-spatial distributions of surface oil slicks are in good agreement with the observed data.