钾肥施用量对中牟大白蒜产量及品质影响

Effects of Potassium Application Rate on Yield and Quality of Garlic in Zhongmu

本实验从2006～2008年连续3年在中牟对大蒜钾肥施用技术进行多点研究。结果表明,以施用钾肥为中心的平衡施肥可大幅度提高大蒜的产量和品质,蒜苗、蒜苔和蒜头3年平均产量较不施钾肥的对照分别提高11.1%～30.8%、10.5%～44.7%和9.0%～27.7%。增施钾肥能有效提高蒜苗和蒜苔中维生素C及可溶性糖分含量,改善大蒜的内在品质,提高大蒜的营养价值,经济收益增加2133～7179元/hm2,施用钾肥的产投比达6.1:1～11.8:1。在当前产量和生产水平下,大蒜平衡施肥方案为:纯N300kg/hm2,P2O580kg/hm2,K2O300kg/hm2左右。本文将对指导大蒜合理施肥,优质高效生产具有积极的作用。

In this experiment,we studied the technology of potassium fertilizer application of multi-site for three years from 2006 to 2008 in Zhongmu. The results showed that balanced fertilization of potassium fertilizer application centered can greatly improve yield and quality of garlic,K application could promote the average yield of the garlic sprouts、garlic scape and garlic bulb in the three years trial the average yield was increased by 11.1%～30.8%,10.5%～44.7% and 9.0%～27.7% respectively compared with the control,which was without K application. Applying potash fertilizer can effectively elevate vitamin C and soluble sugar content in garlic sprouts and garlic scape,improve the intrinsic quality of garlic,heighten the nutritional value of garlic as well as increase economic benefits from 2 133 to 7 179 yuan per hm2,the value cost ratio reached 6.1：1 to 11.8：1 compared the treatment of potassium application with that of the reference. In present production level,the balanced fertilization techniques is N 300 kg/hm2,P2O5 80 kg/hm2 and K2O 300 kg/hm2. The result of this paper would positive function on instructing reasonablely fertilization and producing high quality,efficiency of garlic.