商人雇主制的历史演进与现代发展

Historical Evolution and Modern Development of Merchant Employer System

传统观点认为,商人雇主制是一种历史过渡性质的组织形式,在工业革命后趋于消亡。文章通过对商人雇主制的本质、历史来源及现代变形的研究发现,商人雇主制从本质上看是一种基于分工深化和成本节约的组织模式创新,在现代社会仍有不可比拟的竞争优势,具有广阔的适用空间和较强的适用能力,是流通组织创新的一种重要形式,并对现实中出现的农村分包制、弹性生产制和品牌规则控制等新型商人雇主制现代发展形态作了深入分析。

With regard to the merchant employer system, the traditional viewpoint held that the system is a historical transitional form of organization which perished after Industrial Revolution. Based on the analysis on the nature, historical source and modern variation of the merchant employer system, this article believes that the merchant employer system is an organizational innovation based on deepening division of labor and saving costs, and it has great competitiveness and wide applicability. Hence, this article analyzes three variants of merchant employer system： sub-contracting system in rural areas, flexible production system and brand rules control.