保障精神和智力障碍人的生命与尊严

Guarantee the Life and Dignity of the Persons with Mental and Intellectual Disabilities

与近年残疾人事业在一些领域所取得的巨大进步相比,目前我国精神和智力障碍人的人权保障仍面临着十分严重的挑战。精神和智力障碍人与其他人一样,享有生命、自由与尊严。评价一个社会文明和进步的标志不是社会中的强者享有怎样的待遇,而是社会中的弱者得到什么样的照顾和帮助。精神和智力障碍人作为社会中的最弱者,其人权保障水平在一定程度上是一个社会文明和进步的标尺。要通过一切形式的人权教育,提高政府和整个社会对精神和智力障碍人的尊重,认识到精神和智力障碍人与其他人一样是人权的主体,与其他人一样享有生命、自由和尊严。

Compared to the significant achievements obtained in the last several years in several fields of guaranteeing persons with disabilities, China still faces serious challenge to guarantee the persons with mental and intellectual disabilities. This article investigates the true situation of the persons with mental and intellectual disabilities, explicates the rights they are supposed to enjoy and obligations of the state as specified in the international human rights law and Chinese constitution and laws, analyzes why these laws have not been effectively implemented, introduces the experiences of the foreign countries in these fields, and provides recommendations for improving the human rights guarantee of the persons with mental and intellectual disabilities.