CO_2地质埋存:国外示范工程及其对中国的启示

Geological storage of CO_2:overseas demonstration projects and its implications to China

介绍了油藏埋存、气藏埋存、煤层埋存和盐水层埋存等CO2地质埋存技术,并对各种埋存技术的成熟度及优缺点进行分析。综述了目前国外正在进行和将要进行的CO2地质埋存示范工程,并从工程目的、CO2气源、埋存体选择、资金来源、公众和政府的认可程度等方面总结示范工程的启示。建议中国应该加强国际间的合作,积极开展CO2地质埋存技术的研究和应用,可在油田首先实施CO2埋存示范工程,对国内各大盆地进行系统的埋存潜力评估,加强对盐水层地质资料的积累及对盐水层埋存机制的研究,鼓励发展与碳捕集和埋存技术相关的国产设备,制定合理的碳税政策等。

The technologies of CO2 geological storage in oil ＆ gas reservoirs, coal beds and saline aquifers were introduced. The development of CO2 geo-storage techniques in different geological sites and their advantages and disadvantages were analyzed. The main ongoing and proposed CO2 storage projects around the world were described. The implications of these projects to China were analyzed in terms of the purpose of the projects, CO2 sources, storage site selection, project funding, and public and government acceptance of these projects. As a main energy consuming country in the world, China should strengthen international cooperation on the development of CO2 storage technology. It is suggested that China should carry out some demonstration projects in oilfield storage and enhanced oil recovery in the first phase, and conduct assessssments of storage sites and storage capacity in main sediment basins, meanwhile pay more attention to saline aquifer storage, and study CO2 storage mechanisms in saline aquifers. It should be encouraged to develop various equipment and techniques relevant to carbon capture and storage, and propose reasonable carbon tax to restrict CO2 emissions.