细菌感染性腹泻2380例临床及病原学分析

Clinical and pathological analysis of 2380 patients with bacterial infectious diarrhea

目的了解细菌感染性腹泻的临床及病原学特点。方法回顾性分析1998年至2007年复旦大学附属金山医院感染性腹泻患者2380例的临床及细菌学特点。计数资料行X^2检验。结果10年间因腹泻就诊的20169冽患者中，2380例粪细菌培养阳性，包括副溶血弧菌感染2247例，占94．4％，志贺菌属感染99例，占4．2％，沙门菌属感染29例，占1．2％，溶藻弧菌感染3例，致病性大肠埃希菌感染2例。因腹泻就诊者在每年6至10月多见，副溶血弧菌感染主要表现为腹痛、腹泻、恶心、呕吐，可伴有脱水，志贺菌属感染主要表现为发热、腹痛、腹泻。结论上海市金山区细菌感染性腹泻患者粪细菌培养阳性率不高，仍以副溶血弧菌、志贺菌属为主要致病菌。

Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of bacterial infectious diarrhea. Methods The clinical and pathological characteristics of 2380 cases of bacterial infectious diarrhea in Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University from 1998 to 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. Enumeration data were analyzed by Z2 test. Results Among the 20 169 patients who went to hospital because of diarrhea in 10 years, 2380 cases fecal bacterial culture were positive, includingVibrio parahaemolyticus （2247 cases, 94. 4%）, Shigella （99 cases, 4. 2%）,Salmonella （29 cases, 1.2%）, Vibrio alginolyticus （3 cases）, pathogenic Escherichia coli （2 cases）. Patients with diarrhea were common from June to October in each year. The main manifestations of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection were abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomit or dehydration. The main manifestations of Shigella infection were fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea. Conclusions The bacterial culture positive rate of stool samples from patients with bacterial infectious diarrhea is not high in Jinshan district, Shanghai. The major pathogens are Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Shigella.