河西走廊绿洲农业土地综合利用探析——以张掖市为例

Preliminary Study on Integrated Agricultural Land Use in Oases in the Hexi Corridor—A Case Study in Zhangye City

以河西走廊中部的张掖市为例,进行了土地人口承载力的计算和农业内部产业效益分析。结果表明:种植粮食作物的人口承载力要远远大于畜牧业,而从农业内部不同产业综合效益分析来看,草畜业要大于种植业。考虑到土地对人口的承载力,将未来绿洲农业土地的利用模式调整为:耕地种植业和耕地草畜业的用地比例为1∶2左右;耕地种植业中,稳定口粮生产,压缩饲料粮生产,提高饲草种植比例;畜牧业中,压缩耗粮型猪禽养殖数量,发展节粮型草畜(牛、羊)的数量,提高食草性畜牧业比重;调整种植业、养殖业和农畜产品加工业结构,建立绿洲生态经济体系,实现经济、社会、生态效益的兼容。

Population carrying capacity of land resources is an important measure for the sustainable development of population, resources and environment. The Hexi Corridor is an important commodity grain producing base. The problems between economic development and resources and environment have attracted widespread attention since recent years. In this paper, a case study on the population carrying capacity of agricultural land and the agricultural benefits in the Zhangye Oasis is carried out. The results show that the population carrying capacity of planting food cropg in agricultural land is much higher than that of stockbreeding, and the ananlysis of the integrated benefits of different agricultural industries reveals that stockbreeding has a higher level than that of planting food crops. Being an important commodity grain base, agricultural land use in the Hexi Corridor must meet the population carrying capacity. Bearing this in mind, it is urgent to deal with the relationship between farming and stockbreeding in agricultural land. On which it is argued that the agricultural land use mode should be changed ： the ratio of planting food crops and stockbreeding is 1：2; in food crop planting, it is necessary to stabilize the grain production, reduce feed grain production and increase the proportion of forage planting; in stockbreeding, it is necessary to reduce the numbers of grain-fed pigs and fowls, develop the food-saving livestock, and increase the proportion of herbivorous livestock. It is also necessary to regulate the structures of aquaculture, stockbreeding and farm and livestock product processing, and establish the oasis ecological economic system so as to achieve the balance of social effects, economic returns and ecological benefits.