鳜(♀)×斑鳜(♂)杂种F_1的形态特征与微卫星分析

Morphological and microsatellite analysis of Siniperca chautsi ♀×Siniperca scherzeri ♂ hybrid with their parents

2006-2008年,在浙江湖州开展了鳜(Siniperca chautsi)与斑鳜(Siniperca scherzeri)的种间杂交试验,并成功获得了鳜(♀)×斑鳜(♂)杂种F1。通过对杂种F1与其亲本的形态差异比较和微卫星标记分析,探讨了杂种F1的性状变异和遗传特征。结果表明:(1)7个可数性状中,杂种F1的背鳍条、腹鳍条和胸鳍条数与父母本一致,臀鳍条、鳃耙数与母本基本一致,侧线鳞、幽门盲囊数目介于父、母本之间;10个可量性状的平均杂种指数为39.08,显示杂种F1的可量性状略偏向母本;框架参数和可量性状的聚类分析、判别分析和主成份分析表明,杂种F1的体型介于父、母本之间,略倾向于母本,主要表现在躯干部和尾部的差异。(2)5对微卫星引物分析表明,杂种F1的等位基因均来源于双亲,杂交子代的遗传符合孟德尔遗传规律,属两性融合生殖,是真正意义上的杂交种。

The interspecific crossing between Siniperca chautsi ♀ × Siniperca scherzeri ♂ was successfully obtained in Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries from 2006 to 2008.Comparative analysis of morphological characteristics and microsatellite markers were carried out to clarify the morphological and genetic differences between the hybrid F1 and their parents.The results are as follows：（1） Among seven meristic characters,the branched ray of dorsal fin,pectoral fin and pelvic fin in the hybrid F1 resemble S.scherzeri,the branched ray of anal fin,the number of the first gill arch in the hybrid F1 are close to S.chautsi;the numbers of lateral-line scales and pyloric caeca in the hybrid F1 are intermediate between S.chautsi and S.scherzeri.The calculated average hybrid index（HI） of ten metric traits is 39.08,which indicates the metric traits of the hybrid F1 are close to S.chautsi.Cluster analysis,discriminant analysis and principal component analysis on the meristic characters data and the truss network data indicate that the hybrid F1 resemble S.chautsi.The characters from the trunk and caudal parts are the main factors in discriminating the hybrid with their parents.（2） Five pairs of microsatellite primers give clear bands in both the hybrid F1 and their parents.Genotypes expressed in the hybrid F1 follow the Mendelian inheritance,Thus,the hybrid F1 are confirmed as the indeed hybrids by genetic analysis.These results will be useful for the further work on the hybridization breeding and management of the hybrids.