提高A形井架承载能力的两种方法

Two methods for improving load capacity of A-shaped drilling derricks

我国各油田拥有的A形井架大多数已服役8年以上，其承载能力都有明显下降。为了确保钻井生产的安全和可靠，大港油田钻井工程公司采用电测应力法和动态参数法，于1993、1995和1997年对在用A形井架进行了3次安全性评定，并在此基础上探索出井架大修和现场加固两种提高井架承载能力的方法。A形井架大修主要是针对井架存在的立柱局部磨损，横杆及斜杆的变形、断裂、弯曲、凹陷、磨损、开焊和裂缝等缺陷，分别进行补焊、更换、校正和贴补焊接。现场加固主要是对井架的立柱利用专用卡子、势块和钻杆进行加固。实践证明，通过大修和现场加固的A形井架，其承载能力都有明显提高。每大修一部A形井架及底座可节约资金101．3万元，经济效益十分显著。

Most of A-shaped drilling derricks have worked for more than 8 yeare in the oilfields in China, their load capacity decreases obviously. Dagang Oilfield Drilling Engineering Department made safety appraisal thrice in 1993, 1995 and 1997 by using stress electric test method and dynamic parameters method, thereby proposed two methods for improving the load capacity of the derricks, i. e. derrick overhaul and in-situ strengthening. Derrick overhaul includes repair welding, replacement, correction and sticking welding. In-situ strengthening is derrick legs reinforcement by using special clips, cushion black and drilling pipes. Practice shows that the capacity of the derricks overhauled and in-situ strengthened is improved remarkably.