基于现象学视阈下的对话教学研究

A Research of Teaching by Dialogue under the View of Phenomenology

现象学以研究现象的本质为己任,试图系统地解释和描述生活经验中的内在意义。在教学中教师与学生之间的关系具有现象学的主体间性特征,这种主体间的对话和共同反思的关系是回归教育本质的路径。对话教学是师生基于关系价值和关系认知、整合反思与互动、在尊重差异的前提下合作创造知识和生活的话语实践。有效对话发生在对话双方自由的探究中或自发的讨论中。有效对话教学应该具备这样几个特点:交流中相互平等;沟通中相互理解;合作中共享;存异中创造。

Aiming at studying the essence of phenomena, phenomenology tries to explain and describe systematically the intrinsic meaning of life and experience. The relationship between teachers and students has the trait of phenomenologieal intersubjectivity. The relationship between this intersubjective dialogue and common reflection is the way back to educational nature. Based on the relationship value and cognition and integral reflection and interaction, teaching by dialogue is a discourse practice between teachers and students, which cooperates to create knowledge and life with respect to differences. Effective dialogue occurs in the free exploration or spontaneous discussion between the two parties of dialogue. Effective teaching by dialogue should have such characteristics as mutual equality and understanding in communication, share in cooperation and creation in maintaining differences.