气温对茶小绿叶蝉发生的影响及预测

Effects and Forecast of Temperature on Occurrence of Empoasca pirisuga Matumura

[目的]探索茶小绿叶蝉发生与气象条件的关系,为防治茶小绿叶蝉提供依据。[方法]通过对福鼎市茗华茶场、福东茶场、备湾茶场2年实地虫情调查研究,分析气象条件与茶小绿叶蝉发生的关系。[结果]茶小绿叶蝉受外界气象环境影响较大,气温对茶小绿叶蝉的影响最大,其次是降水、湿度和日照。茶小绿叶蝉各代若虫历期、各世代生活历期和繁殖能力均与温度有密切的关系。根据日平均温度来预测卵盛孵期与实际发生期基本符合,其预测精度较好,可以提早10~15 d发布虫情预报,以便做好防治准备工作。[结论]充分利用气象资料与茶小绿叶蝉的发生关系进行预测预报能及时掌握了解虫情的变化,对指导大面积防治茶小绿叶蝉有一定的现实意义。

[Objective]The aim was to explore the relationship between the occurrence of Empoasca pirisuga Matumura and the weather condition and provide the basis for controlling E.pirisuga.[Method]Through the spot investigation on insect situation in Minghua tea plantation,Fudong tea plantation and Beiwang tea plantation of Fuding Country for 2 years,the relationship between the occurrence of E.pirisuga and the weather condition was analyzed.[Result] The external meteorological environment had larger influence on E.pirisuga and the temperature had largest influence on E.pirisuga,followed by precipitation,humidity and sunlight.The nymphal period and life period in every generation of E.pirisuga and its reproductive capacity all had close relationships with temperature.The egg incubation period forecasted according to daily mean temperature accorded with the actual occurrence period,which had better forecasting precision and could promulgate the insect situation prediction 10-15 d ahead in order to prepare for its control.[Conclusion] Making best of the relationship between the weather data and occurrence of E.pirisuga for forecasting could master the changes of insect situation and had certain actual meaning for controlling E.pirisuga in large area.