紫茎泽兰提取物的除草活性研究

Study on Herbicidal Activities of Eupatorium adenophorum Extracts

[目的]对紫茎泽兰的除草活性进行系统研究,为开发新型除草剂奠定基础。[方法]以高粱、小麦、黄瓜、油菜等4种作物为材料,采用种子萌发法测定紫茎泽兰提取物的除草活性,并测定紫茎泽兰提取物中除草活性物质对热和水的稳定性。[结果]紫茎泽兰提取物对高粱、小麦、黄瓜、油菜等4种作物幼苗根长抑制中浓度分别为0.58、0.32、0.38和0.01 mg/ml;对4种作物幼苗茎长抑制中浓度分别为0.32、1.00、0.53和0.36 mg/m。l浓度为1 mg/ml的紫茎泽兰提取物在(54±2)℃贮存2周后,其对高粱、小麦、黄瓜和油菜等4种作物幼苗根长和茎长的抑制率与4℃贮存2周的紫茎泽兰提取物没有显著差异;在水中分别存放0、1、2、4、8、16、32 d后,各处理对4种作物幼苗根长和茎长的抑制率均没有显著差异。[结论]紫茎泽兰提取物具有较强的除草活性,且具有较好的热稳定性和对水的稳定性。

[Objective]The research aimed to study the herbicidal activities of Eupatorium adenophorum extracts,and to provide basis for the development of new type herbicides.[Method]Taken Sorghum vulgare,Triticum aestivum,Cucumis sativus and Brassica campestris for materials,and the herbicidal activities of E.adenophorum extracts were measured using seed germination method.At the same time,the stabilities to heat and water of herbicidal active substances extracted from E.adenophorum were measured.[Result]The results showed that the IC50 of E.adenophorum extracts on the growth of root and stem of Sorghum vulgare,Triticum aestivum,Cucumis sativus and Brassica campestris were 0.58,0.32,0.38,0.01 mg/ml,and 0.32,1.00,0.53 and 0.36 mg/ml respectively.There had no significant difference between herbicidal active substances of E.adenophorum extracts treated at（54±2） ℃ for 2 weeks and treated at 4 ℃.And there were no significant difference among those active substances treated for 0,1,2,4,8,16 and 32 days.[Conclusion]E.adenophorum extracts had strong herbicidal activities,and the herbicidal active substances in E.adenophorum extracts showed good stability to heat and water.