1981～2006年固原市榆树自然物候对气候变化的响应

Response of Nature Phonology of Elm to Climate Changes in Guyuan From 1981 to 2006

从温度、降雨、日照3方面分析了1981-2006年固原地区榆树物候期对气候因子变化的响应。结果表明,在近26年固原地区温度变化最大,上升速率为0.94℃/a,上升幅度较大;降雨和日照波动频繁,尤其是降雨的波幅较大,最小降雨量和最大降雨量相差很大,但两者总体趋势都比较稳定;榆树的芽开放期和始花期变化不大,展叶期明显提前,落叶期延后,生长季延长,速率平均为3.3 d/10 a;温度对榆树物候的影响最显著,日照次之,降雨影响最小,始花期与温度之间没有显著关系。

Response of nature phonology of elm to climate changes in Guyuan from 1981 to 2006 was analyzed at the aspects of temperature,rainfall and sunshine.The results showed that in the last 26 years,the temperature changed largest in Guyuan region,the increase rate was 0.94 ℃/10 a,which had a larger increase.There had frequent fluctuations of rainfall and sunshine,especially for the rainfall,and the range between the minimum and maximum rainfall was big,but the overall trends were relatively stable;There had little change in the bud before the opening and flowering period of elm,and the leaf stage was significantly ahead of schedule,but delayed for deciduous period,so there showed extension for the growing season,which had the average extension rate of 3.3 d/10 a.Phonological variation of elm tree was influenced most strongly by temperature change,and followed by sunshine,and then by precipitation.And there had no significant relationship between the beginning date of peach flowering and the temperature.