兔粪高温堆肥的控制参数及发酵机制研究

Study on Control Parameter and Fermentation Mechanism of High Temperature Composting of Rabbit Dung

[目的]为兔粪堆肥过程中的辅料选择、配方设计及工艺优化等提供科学依据。[方法]以兔粪、稻草和食用菌渣为原料,采用人工翻堆的方式进行高温堆肥,研究兔粪堆制过程中理化参数的变化规律及高温发酵机制。[结果]经过35 d的堆腐,堆体含水率、总有机碳含量和C/N逐渐下降,全氮含量逐渐升高,堆体进入腐熟阶段;从试验组取部分堆肥加入5%面粉后堆体温度逐渐升高,进入2次发酵,堆体pH值先逐渐下降后又逐渐回升,其总有机碳和全氮含量及C/N变化不明显。[结论]水溶性速效碳源是堆肥后期微生物繁殖的限制因子,适时提供水溶性速效碳源可加速物料腐熟。

[Objective] The study was to provide the theoretical basis for excipient selection,formulation design and process optimization in composting process of rabbit dung.[Method] The rabbit dung,rice straw and edible fungus residue were taken to make high temperature compost with artificial pile-turning method.The change law of physical and chemical parameters of rabbit dung in composting process and its high temperature fermentation mechanism were studied.[Result] After 35 d of composting,the moisture content,total organic carbon content and C/N of the pile decreased gradually,while its total nitrogen content increased gradually,and the pile entered the mature stage.When 5% flour was added into a part of compost that from tested group,the temperature of the pile was increased gradually and the pile entered the secondary fermentation stage,the pH value of the pile decreased gradually and then increased gradually,while the contents of total nitrogen and total nitrogen and C/N of it had no obvious change.[Conclusion] The water-soluble available carbon source was the limiting factor on microorganism propagation in later stage of composting,timely provided water-soluble available carbon source could accelerate maturity of the material.