民事证明责任分配体系刍论

On Theoretical System of Distribution of Burden of Proof in Civil Procedure

本文以规范论为理论基础,辅以修正规范理论、盖然性理论、危险领域理论、危险提升理论、多样原则理论、利益衡量理论等,依托我国内地法律规范,初步构建了我国内地的民事证明责任分配体系,认为证明责任分配体系应包括一般原则和特殊规则。证明责任分配一般原则根据当事人主张的不同,令其分别承担法律所规定的权利形成要件事实、权利障碍要件事实和权利消灭要件事实的证明;证明责任分配特殊规则则从证明责任转换和证据评价领域特殊规则两个方面对证明责任分配一般规则进行了修正和变更,以缓和一般原则的僵硬,降低当事人的证明难度。

The thesis sets up a theoretical system of distribution of burden of proof in civil procedure, theoretically on the basis of norm theory, supplemented by modified norm theory, and theories of probability, danger field, danger increase, variety principle and interest balance, according to the law rules of Chinese mainland. The theoretical system includes two parts, namely, general rule and special rules. In terms of the general rule, in civil suits, parties should prove different material facts according to different claims. And in terms of special rules, transformation of burden of proof and special rules of proof evaluation modify the general rule in order to reduce the difficulty of proof.