土壤甲胺磷抗性细菌种群特征脂肪酸生物标记的分析

Characteristics of PLFA Biomarkers for Acephatemet Resistant Bacteria Isolated from the Soils

应用高浓度甲胺磷培养基,对农药厂排污口土壤微生物进行分离,鉴定出21株细菌,分属13个细菌属.对甲胺磷抗性细菌脂肪酸的分析,共测定到38个脂肪酸生物标记(PLFA),这些生物标记分为4种类型,即1)高频次分布的生物标记,普遍存在于细菌类群,属于细菌总体类群(Bacteriaingeneral)的生物标记;2)中频次分布的生物标记,在细菌种出现概率中等,可以用于代表细菌属类群(Bacteriumgenus)识别生物标记;3)低频次分布的生物标记,在细菌中的分布概率较小,可以用于指示特定细菌种间差异的生物标记;4)微频次分布的生物标记,这种生物标记仅在一种细菌种类出现,是细菌种特征生物标记.利用脂肪酸生物标记分析同属细菌不同种的差异,可将假单胞杆菌属分为2类,第1类包括了铜绿假单胞菌、荧光假单胞菌、丁香假单胞菌,其特征为17:0CYCLO生物标记含量小于3.60%;第2类包含了伞菌假单胞菌、威隆假单胞菌、恶臭假单胞菌、温哥华假单胞菌,其特征为17:0CYCLO生物标记含量大于5.99%.利用脂肪酸生物标记的差异对甲胺磷抗性细菌种的聚类分析,能有效地将细菌类群分为3类,微生物群落中存在着稳定的生物标记和受环境影响的生物标记,论文提供了一种脂肪酸生物标记的分析方法,结合细菌的生物学特性研究,可以解释微生物在环境中的变化,对于土壤微生物群落的研究具有重要意义.

The present paper dealt with isolation and identification of acephatemet resistant bacteria and characteristics of their PLFA biomarkers. Results showed that 21 species of acephatemet resistant bacteria were isolated from the soil in the pesticide factory and identified by means of microbe identification system（MIDI system from USA）. There were 38 PLFA biomarkers detected in 21 species of acephatemet resistant bacteria, in which 4 types were clustered e.g. 1）high frequency related to characteristics of microbe in general; 2）middle frequency related to bacteria in general; 3）low frequency related bacterial genus; 4）tiny frequency related to species, respectively distributed in the species. Based on the analysis of PLFA, 7 species of genus Pseudomonas were cluster into 2 groups, the groups 1 included Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas syringae characterized with 17：0 CYCLO biomarker lower than 3.6% , the groups 2 included Pseudomonas agarici, Pseudomonas veronii, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas vancouveensis with 17：0 CYCLO biomarker higher than 5.99% . Using the cluster model based on the PLFA biomarkers, the isolated species were classified into 3 groups. The research provided the analysis pattern to treat the PLFA biomarkers, combined with other characteristics of the biology of bacteria, the more details were observed in the changes for the population of acephatemet resistant bacteria.