女子摔跤运动员模拟负重过胸摔动作的运动学和sEMG信号特征研究

A Research on Women Wrestlers' Kinematic Characteristics and sEMG Signal of Imitation Bearing Over-arm Body Lock

目的:探讨大分值技术动作——过胸摔的生物力学特征,为女子摔跤运动员掌握运用发展该技术提供理论参考依据。方法:运用影像解析和肌肉表面电信号采集对女子摔跤运动员模拟过胸摔动作进行运动学和sEMG信号特征同步测量分析。结果:运动学参数表明,在过胸摔动作完成的关键阶段,下肢蹬伸与挺髋背躬阶段腰部变化67.3°,髋平均增加了60.6°,膝平均增加了49.0°,踝平均增加了59.8°,肩获得最大速度平均是2.43 m/s。sEMG信号特征显示,臀大肌和腰背竖脊肌放电强烈,腰腹右侧肌肉放电高于左侧。结论:女子摔跤运动员完成过胸摔动作的关键在下肢蹬伸与挺髋背躬阶段,特别是该阶段使肩部获得最大速度的能力,这一过程以腰腹及臀大肌为主要原动肌作用。研究发现表面肌电分析技术可以较好的结合影像解析技术优化摔跤技术动作。sEMG数据离散度体现了个体技术与能力的差异,有利于指导训练实践。

Objective： to provide theoretical basis for women wrestlers＇ over-arm body lock by studying the kinematic characteristics and sEMG signal of the movement. Methods： it studies women wrestlers＇ kinematic characteristics and sEMG signal during the attack of imitation bearing over-arm body lock by SIMI Motion 3D system and Mega6000-T8 system. Results： The waist angle, coax angle, knee angle and ankle angle rises 67.3°, 60.6°, 49.0° and 59.8°, and the average velocity of shoulder moving is 2.43m/s. sEMG signal of hip and back muscles change evidently. The left abdomen and waist muscles change more obviously than the right one. Conclusion： We discover that key of this movement is the action of wrestler＇s unwinding legs and pushing coax. Their shoulders＇ movement must be sudden and quick, especially the strength of waist, abdominal and hip muscles. At the same time, sEMG technique and image analysis technique may opti- mize wrestling motions. The SD data of sEMG has shown the difference between each wrestler＇s motion technique and ability, which is good for giving wrestling training directions.