家族企业职业经理忠诚度低下的决定因素——个人、组织与雇主多维度实证检验

Determinants of the Professional Manager's Low Loyalty to Family Enterprise:An Empirical Test of Personal,Organizational and Employer's Characteristics

职业经理是否忠诚直接影响其与家族企业主之间的彼此信任,进而影响到家族企业能否真正成长为"现代企业"。本文基于特殊主义的中国文化背景,对个人、组织与雇主等因素对职业经理忠诚度的影响进行实证分析。结果表明,职业经理自身特征、部分组织条件和雇主特征显著影响职业经理的忠诚度。而雇主因素进一步调节组织因素与忠诚度之间的相关关系:雇主领导力可将由组织条件不佳导致的低忠诚度提高愈40%,雇主公平与信任则最多可提高约60%。这一结果对我国家族企业维持并提高职业经理忠诚度,进而实现"企业家式企业"的职业经理化具有现实意义。

Professional manager＇s loyalty to enterprise has direct effect on the mutual trusts between manager and boss, which will further affect whether the family enterprise can evolve from ＂traditional form＂ into ＂modern form＂. Under the Chinese ＂particularism＂ cultural context, this paper positively analyzes multidimensional effects on manager＇s loyalty. We find that manager＇s personal characteristics, organizational characteristics and manager＇s perception about employer significantly affect the manager＇s loyalty. The traits of employer further moderate the relationship between the organizational characteristics and loyalty： Enterpriser＇s leadership can improve loyalty over 40% if the loyalty was very low by reason of the bad organization condition. At the same time, enterpriser＇s fairness and trust can improve the loyalty about 60%. These findings have some meanings for Chinese family enterprise, which can take some measures to remain and improve manager＇s loyalties, at last change as a firm dominated by managers from an ＂entrepreneurial firm＂.