用采矿诱发微震法判别岩体性态特性

Characterization of rock mass behaviour using mining induced microseismicity

本文介绍在加拿大矿山应用微震技术描绘活性裂隙、评估应力变化以及判断大规模震动和发生岩爆条件的研究。该研究表明：可利用微震法判断活性裂隙的方位、确定异常应力区范围以及可能发生岩爆的区域、掌握局部应力对剪切破坏所起的作用，并且可确定与远距离诱发岩爆相关的应力变化路径。岩爆可能发生的特征是沿断层面方向微震显著增加并伴随有效应力增高。因此，微震分析法可作为远距离监测采矿引起的岩体性态变化的方法。

Several case studies are presented on the use of seismic techniques to map active structures, evaluate changes in stress levels, and identify the conditions leading to large magnitude seismic events and the generation of rockbursts in Canadisn mines. The results suggest that microseismicity can be used to identify the orientation of active fractures;define regions of relatively high and low stress,and those most likely to host a rockbust ;determine the role of local stress on observed shear failures;and identify the path of stress transfer associated with the remote triggering of rockbusts. Additionally, the conditions leading to rockbursts can be characterized by a significant increase in the clustering of microseismic events along the fault plane orientation of an impending event, and an increase in the effective stress levels. It is concluded that the analysis of microseismicity provides the means for reznotely monitoring rock mass behaviour as a result of mining.