县医院医院感染特点调查分析及对策

Hospital-acquired Infections in County:Their Characteristic Investigation and Strategy

目的探讨医院感染的特点、危险因素与管理存在的薄弱环节,为制定有效的干预措施提供依据。方法采用回顾性的方法对2007～2008年出院的44093份病历进行调查。结果医院44093例住院患者发生医院感染1084例,感染率2.46%,医院感染部位以呼吸道为主占69.84%,其次为皮肤软组织8.35%和胃肠道5.30%,高发科室为神经内科感染率10.02%、脑外科5.20%和儿科2.93%;神经内科的感染部位主要为下呼吸道感染占48.26%,脑外科的感染部位也以下呼吸道为主,占53.68%;医院感染的病原菌以革兰阴性菌居多占49.57%。结论强化医务人员对医院感染的预防控制意识,规范各种操作行为,合理应用抗感染药物等是控制医院感染的有力措施。

OBJECTIVE To study the characteristic and risk factors that induce hospital acquired infection and their frail links in managing to provide basis for effective interfering measures. METHODS By means of retrospective investigation ,we observed 44093 patients with hospital acquired infections collected from Jan 2007 to Dec 2008 in our hospital. RESULTS There are 1084 infection cases in 44093 patients. The nosocomial infection rate was 2.49% ,the most cases were with respiratory track infection （69.84%）,next skin soft tissues infection （8.35%） and gastric intestinal tract infection （5.3%）. The high infection rates were found in neurology （10.02%） neurosurgery （5.20%） and department of padiatrics （2.93%） The main sites were lower respiratory tract in neurology 53.68%,mainly with G-bacteria accounted for 49.57%. CONCLUSIONS Having known the characteristic and risk factors,so as to we take effective measures in important departments standard actions,and antiseptic drugs properly usage in addition.