遗忘型轻度认知损害患者的前瞻性记忆障碍

Prospective memory disorder in patients with amnesia mild cognitive impairment

目的探讨遗忘型轻度认知损害（amnesia mild cognitive impairment, aMCI）患者前瞻性记忆（prospective memory, PM）改变的特征，初步了解基于事件的PM（event-based prospective memory,EBPM）和基于时间的PM（time-based prospective memory, TBPM）在aMCI患者中的损害情况。方法建立PM的神经心理学测验方法，对30例aMCI患者以及年龄、受教育程度相匹配的30名健康老年人进行测试。结果与健康对照组[EBPM：（2．33±0．66）分、TBPM：（4．90±1．03）分]相比，aMCI组的EBPM成绩[（0．90±1．09）分]和TBPM成绩[（4．23±1．14）分]差异均有统计学意义（t=-6．143，P〈0．01；t=-2．383，P〈0．05）。结论aMCI患者的记忆障碍不仅表现为回顾性记忆（retrospective memory, RM）损害，PM损害可能更为突出，且EBPM的损害程度大于TBPM和RM，提示EBPM的测查可能有利于aMCI的早期识别。

Objective To investigate the event-based prospective memory （EBPM） and time-based prospective memory （TBPM） in patients with amnesia mild cognitive impairment （aMCI）. Methods Thirty patients with aMCI and 30 healthy adults with age and education-matched were administered with a neuropsychological battery of tests ineluding EBPM and TBPM tasks. Results Compared with healthy elders （EBPM： 2. 33 ± 0. 66, TBPM ： 4. 90 ± 1.03 ） patients with aMCI had impaired EBPM （ 0. 90 ± 1.09, t = - 6. 143, P 〈 0. 01 ） as well as TBPM （4. 23 ±1.14, t = - 2. 383,P 〈 0. 05 ）, and EBPM was impaired more significantly than TBPM. Conclusions The results suggest that aMCI impairs both RM and PM, and EBPM is impaired more significantly than TBPM and RM. The EBPM impairment may be a sensitive early indicator of aMCI. Assessment of EBPM may held early diagnosis of aMCI.