“文字”的意义——论宋哲宗亲政时期的修史、编类章疏与看详诉理文字

Dealing with the Literati's Writings:A Study on the Politics under the Personal Rule of Song Zhezong(1093-1100)

北宋哲宗亲政时期,有三件引人注目的政治事件:重修元祐《神宗实录》、编类元祐臣僚章疏、对元祐看详诉理所之旧案重加审定。这些事件一以贯之的主题,是对之前元祐时代留下的不同类型"文字"的处理。而"文字"的背后,是士大夫的议论、思想、立场。在北宋中后期,士大夫群体的议论和相关的"文字",是其成长、参与政事的体现,也代表了一种北宋立国以来日积月累形成的政治文化传统。因此,哲宗亲政以来针对士大夫"文字"的政治整顿,抓住了士大夫的要害所在,既达成了时人党同伐异的政治目的,更重塑了整个士大夫群体的面貌,深刻改变了北宋的士大夫政治传统。

After the death of Song Shenzong（d. 1086）, constant purges of officials from the court resulted in dramatic political tensions. Under the personal rule of Song Zhezong （ 1093 - 1100）, three measures of purging, namely the recompilation of the Veritable Records of Song Shenzong, the categorization of the memorials by the officials served at Yuanyou time （ 1086 - 1093）, and the reinvestigation of the legal cases concluded in Yuanyou, further increased the tensions. This paper argues that these measures had a coherence of dealing with the writings of the literati at that time, which made the thoughts of the officials the aim of the political purges. Therefore, the combination of these measures profoundly changed the way by which the late Song literati participated in politics.