175例死亡患者医院感染情况调查分析

Nosocomial Infection among 175 Death Patients:An Investigation and Analysis

目的了解死亡患者医院感染发病特点,为医院感染管理工作提供科学依据。方法对2008年175例死亡病例进行回顾性调查分析。结果医院感染发生率18.86%,例次感染率23.43%,其中3例肺部感染的发生是导致患者死亡的主要原因;感染部位以下呼吸道为主,占63.41%,其次为泌尿道和胃肠道,分别占12.20%和9.76%;病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌和真菌为主,真菌感染在各类病原菌感染中居首位;易感因素包括年龄、住院时间、侵入性操作、不合理使用抗菌药物及基础疾病。结论危重患者易发生医院感染,减少易感因素,规范医疗护理操作行为,严格执行消毒隔离制度,以降低医院感染发生率,保证患者安全。

OBJECTIVE To know about the characteristics of death in patients with nosocomial infection,and provide a scientific basis for infection control of hospitals.METHODS Totally 175 death cases in 2008 were investigated retrospectively with records analysis.RESULTS The incidence of nosocomial infection was 18.86%,and the case times incidence was 23.43%,the pulmonary infection was the main cause of deaths in 3 cases.The main infection site was lower respiratory tract,accounted for 63.41%,followed by urinary tract（12.20%） and gastrointestinal tract（9.76%）,Pathogens were mainly Gram-negative bacteria and fungi,the fungi occupied the first place;the main risk factors included age,length of stay,invasive procedures,irrational use of antimicrobial drugs and underlying diseases.CONCLUSIONS Critically ill patients prone to occure nosocomial infection,when the reduction of risk factors,regulation of health care operations,and strict enforcement of the implementation of disinfection and isolation system can reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection and ensure patient safety.