医院环境MRSA流行病学调查

Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Hospital Environment:An Epidemiological Investigation

目的研究医院耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)在医护人员、患者及其周围环境中携带状况和特点,为预防与控制医院MRSA感染提供科学依据。方法对某院7个临床科室的医护人员、患者及其周围环境中的MRSA流行病学调查。结果烧伤科检出MRSA最多,医护人员MRSA高达53.33%,患者及周围环境的MRSA高达72.34%;儿童急救科和儿童呼吸科均未检出MRSA;医护人员的工作服和手携带MRSA最多,均为36.36%,患者的鼻前庭、手、烧伤黏膜携带最多,分别为23.26%、20.93%、20.93%;护士携带MRSA(30.77%)高于医师(18.18%),初级职称高于中级和高级职称。结论MRSA感染控制应集中在烧伤科等高危科室,加强对医护人员尤其是初级职称工作人员的医院感染防护知识教育,对携带部位应及时进行MRSA的清除。

OBJECTIVE To find out the situation and characteristics that meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus（MRSA） among health care workers（HCW）,patients and their surrounding environment to bring,for the prevention and control of MRSA infection in hospitals to provide a scientific basis.METHODS HCW,patients and their surrounding environment that carried MRSA were investigated epidemiologically.RESULTS Among health care workers in department of burn,a maximum cate of MRSA,MRSA Staphylococcus aureus（SAU） was as high as 53.33%,and MRSA/SAU of the patient and their surrounding environment was as high as 72.34%;no MRSA were detected out Department of neonatology and Department of child respiratory.The rate of MRSA carried in work clothes and hands of HCW was the higest,and nasal,hand,burns mucosa of patients was the higest;the rate of MRSA nurses carried more than doctors,intermediate and senior technical titles more than junior technical titles.CONCLUSIONS The high-risk departments such as department of burn should be focused on MRSA infection control,strengthening the primary HCW in particular education of hospital infection prevention knowledge,and clear of MRSA from the site that carried MRSA.