污染水体的总抗氧化能力生物标志物研究

Total antioxidation capability of Carassius Auratus putting in pollution area of Taihu Lake with activity biomonitoring

以无污染饲养鲫鱼为监测生物,采取主动生物监测法(ABM)对太湖北部梅梁湖与贡湖污染区进行生物监测,并分析各监测点常规水质指标及表层沉积物中多环芳烃(PAHs)、多氯联苯(PCBs)、有机氯农药(OCPs)与重金属含量,同时定期(7,14,2,28d)采集生物样,分析鲫鱼大脑组织及肌肉组织中总抗氧化能力(TAOC)活性.结果表明,鲫鱼脑组织TAOC活性比肌肉组织TAOC活性值高出约4倍,并且对污染物协迫反应敏感.实验第14d开始,脑组织TAOC呈显著诱导效应(P<0.05),最大值出现在PCBs污染严重的梅梁湖4号站点,相比参照点活性增加62.19%.其次是重金属污染严重的梅梁湖3号监测点,而污染最小的贡湖1号监测点TAOC变化较小.肌肉组织中TAOC对污染物反应不敏感,不适合作微污染区生物标志物.

Carassius Auratus feeding in cleaning water were selected and putted respectively in Meiliang Lake and Gong Lake, the most contaminated area lied in northern part of Taihu Lake, for biological monitoring with activity biomonitoring（ABM）.During the monitoring period, the commonly water quality indexes were analysis in the surfer water in the monitoring sites.Organic pollution maters, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs）, polychlorinated biphenyls（PCBs）, organochlorine pesticides（OCPs） and heavy metal contents in the surface sediments were analysis at the same time.The biological samples, Carassius Auratus, were collected at regular intervals（7, 14, 21, 28d）.Total antioxidant capacity（TAOC） in brain and muscle tissue was analysis.The TAOC activity in brain tissue was 4 times higher than the value in the muscle tissue and was sensitive to pollutants.Just beginning of the field study, in the first week, the TAOC response in the brain tissue was inconspicuous compared to the reference point arranged in laboratory.However, proceeding in the second week of the field experiment, the TAOC in brain tissue was significantly induced（P0.05）, the maximum appeareds in the 4th monitoring points of Meiliang Lake, the primary pollution was organic chlorine.Compared to the reference points, the TAOC value increased by 62.19%, followed by the 3rd monitoring points of Meiliang Lake, the heavy metal pollution was serious.The 1st monitor points of Gonghu Lake, for the effect of large-scale silt-removing and dredging projects, the pollution concentration was small and TAOC change was little.In the last week during the field experiment, may be effected by the natural weather, the TAOC inhibitory effect in brain was induced, with the inhibitory effect coordinated with pollutant concentration.TAOC in muscle tissue reaction was not sensitive to the pollutants, was not suitable for biomarkers in the light pollution.