产业链治理架构及其基本模式研究

Research on the Industry Chain’s Governance Structure and Basic Models

全球化的发展使得产业链日益成为竞争的主要形式,公司治理已由企业治理、企业集团治理,发展到了产业链的治理。现有产业链治理模式的研究还是侧重于管理模式方面,而对于产业链层面的董事会、经营层等内部治理架构研究方面则存在不足。本文首先界定了产业链的三种基本类型,即资源驱动型、市场主导型和技术主导型,提炼出资源、市场、技术、协调四种关键要素;然后在此基础上构建产业链治理的架构及三种基本治理模式,重点是产业链董事会和经营层的结构安排和机制设计,对其构成要素和运行机制进行了系统阐述。案例实证以三种基本治理模式为基础,针对最复杂的技术主导型产业链治理的实现问题,以上广电和比亚迪为例从正反两方面进行论证;两种基本产业链组合的治理问题,则选取中粮集团资源驱动型产业链、市场主导型产业链治理的典型案例展开分析。

Industry chain gradually becomes a major form of competition as the result of global development. Corporate governance develops from enterprise or enterprise group to global chain governance. Present research on governance modes of industry chain concentrates on modes of management, but very little about the internal governance structure, such as board at the level of industry chain, management level, etc. This paper first identifies three basic modes the resource-oriented, the market-oriented and the technology-oriented industry chains, then four crucial elements are abstracted--resource, market, technology and coordination. Based on this, the framework of industry chain governance as well as three basic governance modes is constructed, with the emphasis on the structure arrangement and design of mechanism of board at the level of industry chain and management. Of which elements and operational mechanisms are systematically elaborated. Three basic modes of governance, as the basis of the case study, aims to achieve the most advanced technology-oriented governance of industry chain. SVA and BYD are demonstrated pros and cons. As for the integration of the two basic kinds of industry chain, COFCO is chosen as the typical case. Its integration of the two kinds of industry chain, both resource-oriented and market--oriented, is discussed. Lastly, countermeasures are proposed on governance, construction and development of industry chain.