不同训练方式对骨骼肌P53调节线粒体有氧呼吸轴P53、SCO2和COXⅡ基因表达的影响

Effects of Different Training Program on Gene Expression of P53-SCO2-COXⅡ-Respiration Axis in Skeletal Muscle

目的：比较耐力训练和间歇性速度训练对骨骼肌P53调节线粒体有氧呼吸轴影响能量代谢的运动适应及对P53、SCO2和COXⅡ基因表达的影响。方法：30只大鼠随机分为3组：安静组（C,n=10）、耐力训练组（E,n=10）、间歇性速度训练组（S,n=10）,训练6周。间歇性速度训练：每天9-10次10 s极量强度（≥42 m/min）的跑台运动,间歇时间30-60 s;耐力训练：每天30-60 min低强度（≤16.7 m/min）的持续跑台运动;每周均训练6天。最后一次训练结束后的24-48 h内切取腓肠肌,Real-time PCR检测P53、SCO2和COXⅡ的mRNA转录,Western blot检测P53、SCO2和COXⅡ的蛋白表达。结果：1）E组和S组P53 mRNA转录、蛋白表达水平与C组相比均没有显著性差异（P〉0.05）;E组和S组相比P53 mRNA转录、蛋白表达也没有显著性差异（P〉0.05）;2）E组SCO2 mRNA转录、蛋白表达水平均显著高于C组（P〈0.05）;S组SCO2 mRNA转录与C组相比没有显著性差异（P〉0.05）,但S组SCO2蛋白表达水平显著高于C组（P〈0.05）;E组和S组SCO2 mRNA转录、蛋白表达水平均没有显著性差异（P〉0.05）;3）E组COXⅡ mRNA转录水平与C组相比没有显著性差异（P〉0.05）,但E组COXⅡ mRNA转录水平非常显著低于S组（P〈0.01）;E组COXII蛋白表达水平非常显著地高于C组和S组（P〈0.01）;S组COXⅡ mRNA转录水平和蛋白表达水平均非常显著高于C组（P〈0.01）。结论：1）P53基因转录和蛋白表达具有极强的保守性,耐力训练和间歇性速度训练都不能影响其稳态效应;2）两种训练方式对SCO2和COXⅡ基因表达在转录和转译水平上影响虽然有所不同,但都呈现出促进有氧呼吸的趋同性,间歇性速度训练可能是一种更有效的时间节省化训练方式;3）P53-SCO2-COXⅡ-有氧呼吸轴对耐力训练和间歇性速度训练产生了良好的运动性适应,在制定运动处方时,可适当结合耐力训练和间歇性速度训练来提高机体有氧呼吸能力。

Purpose：To compare gene expression of P53-SCO2-COXⅡ-Respira-tion Axis to sprint interval or endurance training in skeletal muscle.Method：30 rats were distributed into three groups：sedentary（C,n=10）,sprint interval training（S,n=10） and endurance training（E,n=10）.Sprint interval training consisted of 9～10 repeats of a 10s＂all out＂ treadmill test（≥42 m/min） with 30～60 s recovery between repeats,6 days/wk.endurance training consisted of 30～60 min of continuous treadmill exercise at a lower intensity（≤16.7 m/min） per day,6 days/wk.After 8 weeks of either sprint interval or endurance training,gastrocnemius was excised during 24～48 h after the last treadmill test and analysis.Result：1）There was no marked difference on gene expression among E and C and S group（P〈0.05）.2） SCO2mRNA gene expression were increased in E group（P〈0.05）.There was no marked difference on SCO2mRNA gene transcription between S and C group（P〈0.05）,but the SCO2 protein expression increased in S group（P〉0.05）,but no marked difference in S group versus E group on both gene transcription and translation.3） There was a highly down-regulation in E group versus S group（P〈0.01）on COXIImRNA transcription but no marked difference between E and C group（P〉0.05）.There was a highly increase on COXⅡ protein expression in E group than that in C and S group（P〈0.01）.COXⅡ mRNA gene expression were highly upregulated in S group（P〈0.01）.Conclusion：1） P53 gene expression has stronger conservation,Endurance training and Sprint interval training have no effect on P53 homeostasis.2）Although two training have different effect on SCO2 and COXⅡ gene expression,they have convergence in facilitating aerobic respiration.while sprint interval training is a effective＂ time-saving＂mode.3） P53-SCO2-COXⅡ-Respiration axis had positive adaptation with endurance training and sprint interval training,when making the sports prescription,we could make an appropriate combination of endurance training and sprint interval training to improve the body＇s aerobic capacity.