中国国际贸易中隐含能的分析

Analysis of embodied energy in China's international trade

中国巨额的贸易顺差伴随着大量的能量精出，该文旨在对“隐含”在产品进出口背后的能量流动进行定量计算和分析。结合投入产出分析工具提出较以前研究更准确的计算模型，对1997-2006年中国国际贸易中的隐含能进行分析。结果表明，1997-2006年中国国际贸易中隐含能出口量远大于隐含能进口量，是隐含能净出口大国；隐含能净出口值（以标准媒计）在1．1～3．6亿t之间，均值为2．24亿t；占当年能源消费总量的7．7％～17．5％。可见中国虽然有不断增长的能源净进口，但大量能源实际上“隐含”在产品中输出到国外。

There are large amounts of energy exports in products expected by China with its huge trade surplus. This study aims to quantify the embodied energy in these products. Energy embodied in international trade in China in 1997 - 2006 was accounted for by an input-output method. The study shows that, in 1997 - 2006, the energy embodied exports greatly exceeded the energy embodied imports, so China was a net embodied energy exporting nation in 1997- 2006. The net amount varied from 110 to 360 million tons standard coal per year with an average of 224 million tons per year. The net amount was 7.7% - 17.5% of the total annual Chinese energy consumption. Although China has an increasing net import of energy products, a large amount of energy is exported embedded in products.