五行观对中国古代人学思想的影响

Influence of the Five Elements Theory on Ancient Chinese Ideology of Human Science

五行观在中国古代是中国人的一种基本立场,既是中国人把握世界的模式,自我理解的模式,也是人行正当性、合理性的理由。从上古至西汉,五行观的发展经历了一个正反合的周期。这个周期,从中国古代社会人伦秩序建构实践及思想反思的过程角度看,为先秦子学前的制度建设实践——先秦子学的人文反思——秦汉的"社会规范的人为思辨的策略安排"的三纲五常观三个阶段;从五行观理论性质的演进看,为宇宙论的五行观——人学反思的五行观——宇宙论基础上的社会政治论五行观。五行观发展的历史为我们了解中国古代人学思想的内在逻辑及当下的新伦理道德文化建设提供了经验。

In ancient China, as a kind of basic standpoint, the Five Elements Theory is the mode of controlling the world and self-understanding for Chinese, as well as a standard for people＇s legitimate and reasonable behaviors. From ancient times to the Western Han Dynasty, the Five Elements Theory experienced a periodical development. From the angle of the construction practice of ancient Chinese human moral order and the process of thought-reconsidering, it can be divided into three conventional moralities： the practice of system construction before the pre-Qin philological period, the humanistic reviewing at the pre-Qin philological period and the strategic arrangements of human analysis of social regulations in Qin and Hart dynasties. From the evolution of the Five Elements theory, it can be segmented into： cosmology, humanistic reviewing and social politics based on cosmology. The development of the Five Elements Theory provides experience for us to know the internal logic of ancient Chinese ideology of human science and the present new moral construction.