法律领域客观性的挑战与拯救——一个知识社会学的梳理与启示

The Objectivity of the Legal Challenges and Rescue——Carding a sociology of knowledge and enlightenment

在后现代法学大行其道的背景下,法律领域的客观性、普遍性、确定性等现代理性主义价值观念遭遇了空前的冲击。不断强调法律领域的主观性、不确定性、差异性、不可预测性等等。在法律解释领域,由于不断地引介哲学解释学的观念,法律界人士开始利用哲学解释学的资源。哲学解释学不承认客观重构的可能,强调作者独立于文本和自我立法,造成法律解释的任意。站在维护法治的立场上,国内外诸多学者在质疑声中从不同的角度论证了法律领域的客观性问题,然而,从知识社会学的角度对法律领域客观性问题进行梳理,对于反思当下中国的法治具有知识性的贡献。

In the context of post-modern law, values of modern rationalism such as the legal field objectivity, universality and certainty are experiencing an unprecedented impact. The conception of legal subjectivity, uncertainty, diversity and unpredictability are repeatedly stressed. In the field of legal interpretation, due to constant introduction of the concept of philosophical hermenuties, the legal profession has been using the resources of philosophical hermenutics, Which does not recognize the possibility of objective reconstruction, emphasizes the text by independent and self-legislation, and results in the arbitrary interpretation of the law. Standing in the position of the rule of law, the domestic and foreign scholars have demonstrated the objectivity of law. However, to analyze the objective issue in legal field from the perspective of knowledge sociology is of significance in reflecting on contemporary law in China.