广州市4所高校大学生乙型肝炎KAP调查

Investigation of KAP About Hepatitis B Among Undergraduates in 4 Universities of Guangzhou

目的了解广州地区大学生乙型肝炎知识、态度、行为的状况,为在大学生中普及乙肝知识、开展预防乙型肝炎的健康教育提供参考。方法采用自行设计的大学生乙型肝炎知识-态度-行为问卷,抽取广州市4所高校大学生共700名进行调查。结果57.7%的学生知道乙肝的主要传染源是乙肝患者和乙肝病毒携带者,只有22.9%的学生能读懂"乙肝两对半"结果;医学生绝大多数题目的知晓率高于非医学生(P<0.01)。30.7%的学生担心自己被传染乙肝;男生比女生,农村学生比城市学生更能接受和乙肝病毒携带者恋爱(P<0.01)。女生在行为方面做得比男生好(P<0.01);非医学类学生比医学类学生饮酒频率高(P<0.01),且在洗手卫生方面没有医学生做得好(P<0.01);城市学生在洗手卫生和疫苗注射方面优于农村学生(P<0.01)。经Pearson相关分析,知识、态度和行为3个维度之间呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论应针对不同大学生采取有效的健康教育,尤其应注重网络的宣传作用。

Objective To investigate the situation of knowledge,attitude and practice about hepatitis B of undergraduates in Guangzhou,and then provide basis for health education.Method 700 undergraduates from 4 universities in Guangzhou were investigated with the same questionnaires of KAP about hepatitis B.Results On the knowledge,57.7% had learned that the main infection source of HBV was the patients and the HBV-carriers.Only 22.9% had learned how to explain the result of ＂test of HBV＂.The medical undergraduates＇ knowledge were more superior to the non-medical ones（P0.01）.On the attitude,30.7% worried to get the hepatitis B.The male and the country undergraduates could accepted a HBV carrier lover,it was more enlightened than the female and the town undergraduates（P0.01）.On the practice,the females had done better than the males（P0.01）.The non-medical undergraduates drank more frequently than the medical ones and they did worse on the hands washing（P0.01）.The town students did better than the county students on the behavior of hands washing and vaccination（P0.01）.Through the Pearson＇s analysis,three dimensionalities of knowledge,attitude and practice were positive correlative.Conclusion Health education should be taken according to different points for the different students,and during the education,it is necessary to highlight the using of network.