环鄱阳湖区农村饮用水重金属健康风险评价

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Rural Drinking Waters Around the District of Poyang Lake

运用目前美国环保局推荐的健康风险评价模型对环鄱阳湖区农村饮用水中重金属所引起的健康风险作了初步评价．结果表明：沙湖长古村、赣江中支、滁槎的Pb含量超过GB5749---2006（（生活饮用水卫生标准》，应引起高度重视；通过饮水途径所致健康风险中，非致癌物和致癌物所致风险都远低于国际辐射防护委员会（ICRP）推荐的最大可接受风险水平（5×10^-5·a^-1），其中非致癌物引起的个人年均风险Zn〉Pb〉Cu，致癌物cd所致风险大于非致癌物，占总风险度的70．65％～96．04％，表明Cd是产生风险的主要污染物，因此，应优先考虑防治致癌物Cd对农村饮用水的污染．

Health risks associated with 4 metals in drinking water are assessed using USEPA health risk assessment model. Results show that the concentration of Pb exceeded Standard for Drinking Water Quality （GB 5749-2006） in Changgu village near Shahu Lake, the center Branch of Ganjiang River and Chucha, so it should be taken seriously. Among the health risks caused by the carcinogens in drinking water, the health risks caused by the non-carcinogenic and carcinogens are much lower than the maximum allowance levels recommended by ICRP（5×10^-5·a^-1）. Among the non-carcinogenic risks in drinking water, the highest risk is the risk associated with Zn, followed by Pb, and then Cu. The health risk of carcinogens is higher than that of non-carcinogens. Therefore, Cd is regarded as the main pollution in drinking water, it contributes to 70.65 to 96.04 percent of the total risks. So the pollution of Cd should be taken first to consider for prevention and treatment.