超声与四氢萘协同处理渣油的降黏改质研究

Synergy of ultrasound and tetrahydronaphthalene for upgrading and viscosity reducing of vacuum residuum

以某炼厂的减压渣油为研究对象,分别讨论了超声输出电压(声强)、超声辐照反应时间,以及加入四氢萘(THN)对减压渣油黏度的影响;同时还研究了超声波与供氢剂四氢萘协同作用对减压渣油降黏及渣油成分变化的影响;实验考察了渣油降黏的稳定性,分析了对渣油经超声与四氢萘协同反应后凝点和500℃前轻组分体积分数的变化。实验表明,对于此减压渣油加入质量分数2.91%四氢萘,20 kHz超声输出电压250 V,在80—120℃辐照反应1 h后,测得渣油80℃时黏度降低了20%左右,且静置20 d黏度不恢复,500℃前组分增加了3.1%,凝点下降了3℃,表明超声与四氢萘的协同作用使渣油发生了裂解等反应,从而获得永久性降黏。

The influences of ultrasound intensity, ultrasound irradiation time and hydrogen donor （ tetrahydronaphthalene, THN） on the viscosity of the vacuum residuum were studied. The stability of the viscosity about the vacuum residuum was investigated. The changes of solidifying point and light components （500 ℃ below） of the vacuum residuum were analyzed after concerted reacting with THN added via ultrasound irradiation. The results show that when adding mass fraction 2.91% of THN, irradiating by 20 kHz uhrasound （output voltage 250 V） for 1 h at 80-120 ℃, the viscosity of the vacuum residuum decreases by 20% at 80 ℃, which is kept unchanged for 20 d. The light components （500 ℃ below） increase by 3.1%, and the solidifying point decreases by 3 ℃. It shows that the synergy of ultrasonic irradiation and THN added accelerates the cracking and decrease the viscosity of the vacuum residuum.