工程造价计价特点与方法研究

Construction Cost Valuation Characteristics and Methodology

现行工程造价的计价方式,与市场竞争机制和价格调节机制存在许多不协调之处,诸如工程定额的结构、工程利润模式、工程取费方式、人工单价、机械台班单价的制定、材料价格信息的发布等方面尚有待改进。依据我国工程造价的特点,提出工程造价计价方式改革的基本思路应该是:在计价依据上,实现根本上的"量价分离";在管理方式上,实现控制"量",指导"价"、竞争"费",即统一工程计量,政府间接调控,市场形成价格,企业根据竞争原则依法结算;进而实现"四化",即工程量计算规则统一化,工程量计算方法标准化,工程造价的确定市场化,资源管理信息化。

Abstract： Much discordances are existed in the current construction cost valuation mode, such as the project quota structure, profit model, charge collection mode, labor unit price and machinery shift unit price formulations, material price info diffusion etc. are need to be improved. Based on our country＇s project cost characteristics, the basic idea of project cost valuation mode reform should be： on cost valuation basis, to realize radical ＂separating quantity from price＂; on management mode, to realize ＂quantity control＂, ＂price steering＂ and ＂charge competition＂, i.e. unifying project measurement, governmental indirect control, market price formation, enterprise settlement in jure on the basis of competition principle; and then to realize four aspects of work load computational rules unification, work load computational method standardization, project cost determining marketization and information-based resources management.