微生物分子生态学技术在湖泊微生物多样性研究中的应用

Application of Microbial Molecular Ecology Techniques in Microbial Diversity of Lake

微生物是湖泊生物圈物质循环和能量流动的主要参与者,在湖泊的生态系统中起着重要的作用。但是,湖泊中存在着大量不可培养的细菌,利用传统的培养技术,无法对湖泊微生物的多样性进行深入而全面的研究,而不依赖培养的分子生物学技术的发展为此方面研究开辟了新的路径。微生物分子生态学作为分子生物学与微生物生态学交叉产生的学科,在研究湖泊微生物多样性方面已经得到了广泛的应用。主要综述了变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)技术,末端限制性酶切片段长度多态性技术(T-RFLP),16SrDNA克隆文库技术等微生物分子生态学技术在研究湖泊微生物多样性方面的应用情况。

As major participants in nutrient circulation and energy flow in the lake,microorganisms play an important role in ecology and environment of lake. Due to lack of cultured bacteria in aquatic ecosystems, the diversity of bacterial communities has not been extensively studied by traditional method. However, developments in molecular biological technology which were culture-independent bring a new path for scientists to investigate bacterial communities. Molecular ecology, as the intersectant subject of molecular biology and microbial ecology,is being prevalent in microbial diversity of lake. In this paper, some methods, including PC R-DGGE, RFLP, 16SrDNA cloning libraries were described. And their applications of which in the microbial diversity of lake were also summarized in the review.