棕榈油在水产饲料中的应用

Application of palm oil in aquatic feed

文章针对棕榈油的主要成分、生化特性以及其经济性进行了综述,并重点介绍了棕榈油作为鱼油替代油脂在几种养殖鱼类中的应用情况。与大豆油、油菜籽油等相比,棕榈油价低,产量稳定,有较高的脂肪生产力,较低的不良脂肪酸沉积。其在鲑鳟等冷水性鱼中,以不同的比例替代鱼油或与其他植物油混合替代鱼油取得了较好的效果,增加了饲料的抗氧化性。研究表明,在饲料中用棕榈油部分替换鱼油对大西洋鲑、虹鳟、欧洲鲈等的生长、体化学组成及肌肉的脂肪酸比例等没有显著影响。

In this article, the main content, biochemical characteristics and economic characteristics of palm oil will be reviewed, and the use of palm oil as a substitution of fish oil in some fish species also will be highlighted. Compare with soybean oil and rapeseed oil, palm oil has some advantages, such as reasonable prices, stable production, high oil productivity and a big amount of natural antioxidants. Encourage results were found in salmonid species when palm oil replaced fish oil in different ratios or as one kind of the plant mixed oils in their diets, also promoted antioxidant ability of the diets. Some studies showed that no significant effects on growth, body biochemical compositions and muscle fatty acid profiles in Pacific salmon, Rainbow trout and European sea bass when palm oil partly replaced fish oil in the diets.